/* ================================================
   styles.css — Juan Zuniga's Portfolio
   ================================================
   This file replaces Bootstrap with hand-written CSS.
   Each section has comments teaching the underlying
   CSS concept so you can understand why every rule
   is written the way it is.
   ================================================ */


/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 1: THE CSS RESET & BOX MODEL

   By default, browsers add their own padding and
   margin to elements (e.g. <h1> has a top margin).
   Resetting removes those surprises.

   The Box Model:
     Every element is a rectangle made of four layers:
       1. content  — the actual text or image
       2. padding  — space between content and border
       3. border   — the visible edge of the element
       4. margin   — space outside the border

   box-sizing: border-box changes how width/height
   are calculated. By default (content-box), width
   only covers the content — padding and border are
   ADDED on top. border-box includes padding and
   border inside the declared width, which is almost
   always what you want.
   ----------------------------------------------- */
*, *::before, *::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

body {
  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  color: #212529;
  line-height: 1.6;
  background-color: #ffffff;
}

/* max-width: 100% prevents images from overflowing
   their container. display: block removes the small
   gap that appears below inline images. */
img {
  max-width: 100%;
  display: block;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}


/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 2: FLEXBOX — THE NAVBAR

   Flexbox is a one-dimensional layout system.
   You activate it on a CONTAINER (the parent element),
   and it controls how the direct CHILDREN are arranged.

   Key container properties:
     display: flex         — activates flexbox
     flex-direction: row   — children go left → right (default)
     flex-direction: column — children go top → bottom
     justify-content       — spacing along the MAIN axis
                             (horizontal when row, vertical when column)
     align-items           — alignment on the CROSS axis
                             (vertical when row, horizontal when column)
     gap                   — space between children
     flex-wrap: wrap       — allow children to wrap to the next line

   Key child (flex item) properties:
     flex-grow: 1          — item expands to fill available space
     flex-shrink: 0        — item will not shrink below its base size
     align-self            — override the parent's align-items for one item
   ----------------------------------------------- */

/* The navbar is a flex CONTAINER.
   Its two direct children (nav-toggle button and
   nav-links list) are flex ITEMS laid out in a row.

   justify-content: space-between pushes the two
   children to opposite ends of the navbar.
   align-items: center vertically centers them.
   flex-wrap: wrap lets the nav-links drop to a
   second line on mobile when toggled open. */
.navbar {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #dee2e6;
  position: sticky; /* stays at top while scrolling */
  top: 0;
  z-index: 100;     /* sits above page content */
}

/* nav-links is itself a flex CONTAINER.
   Its children (the <li> items) become flex items
   arranged in a horizontal row with gaps between them. */
.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  gap: 0.25rem;
  align-items: center;
}

.nav-links > li > a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-links > li > a:hover {
  background-color: #e9ecef;
}

/* stopped reading -4/13/2026 */
/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 3: POSITION — DROPDOWN MENUS

   CSS has four main position values:

   static   (default) — element is in normal document flow.
   relative — element stays in flow, but you can use
              top/right/bottom/left to nudge it. Most
              importantly, it becomes an anchor for
              absolutely positioned children.
   absolute — element is removed from normal flow.
              It positions itself relative to the
              nearest ancestor with position: relative
              (or absolute/fixed). Other elements
              ignore its space.
   fixed    — like absolute, but positions relative
              to the browser viewport, not the page.
   sticky   — stays in flow until a scroll threshold,
              then "sticks" like fixed.

   Dropdowns work by combining relative + absolute:
     parent <li> → position: relative  (the anchor)
     child <ul>  → position: absolute  (floats on top)
   ----------------------------------------------- */

/* The parent <li> becomes the anchor.
   The dropdown menu positions itself relative to it. */
.has-dropdown {
  position: relative;
}

.has-dropdown > a {
  cursor: pointer;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.3rem;
}

/* The dropdown sits directly below its parent <li>.
   top: 100% = "start at the bottom edge of the parent".
   It is hidden by default (display: none).
   The .open class (toggled by JS) shows it. */
.dropdown-menu {
  position: absolute;
  top: 100%;
  left: 0;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 0.4rem 0;
  min-width: 200px;
  list-style: none;
  box-shadow: 0 6px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  display: none;  /* hidden until .open is added */
  z-index: 200;
}

.has-dropdown.open .dropdown-menu {
  display: block;
}

.dropdown-menu li a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.45rem 1.1rem;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.dropdown-menu li a:hover {
  background-color: #f8f9fa;
}

/* The hamburger button — only shown on mobile */
.nav-toggle {
  display: none;
  background: none;
  border: 1px solid #ced4da;
  border-radius: 4px;
  padding: 0.35rem 0.6rem;
  font-size: 1.25rem;
  cursor: pointer;
  line-height: 1;
}


/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 4: FLEXBOX CENTERING — HERO SECTION

   One of flexbox's most useful features is centering.

   To center children both horizontally and vertically:
     display: flex
     justify-content: center   (center on main axis)
     align-items: center       (center on cross axis)

   For a vertical stack that is horizontally centered:
     display: flex
     flex-direction: column    (main axis is now vertical)
     align-items: center       (center on the HORIZONTAL cross axis)

   Note: text-align: center centers TEXT within each
   child element — that's different from flex centering,
   which positions elements within the container.
   ----------------------------------------------- */
.hero {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;   /* stack children top → bottom */
  align-items: center;      /* center each child horizontally */
  text-align: center;       /* center text within each child */
  padding: 4rem 1.5rem 3rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #dee2e6;
}

.hero-title {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  color: #212529;
}

/* max-width + margin: 0 auto is the classic CSS
   pattern for a centered readable column.
   max-width limits the width; auto margins split
   the remaining space equally on both sides. */
.hero-content {
  max-width: 640px;
  margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

.hero-content p {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: #495057;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

/* The button row is a flex container so buttons
   sit side-by-side. flex-wrap: wrap lets them
   stack when the screen is narrow. */
.hero-buttons {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  justify-content: center;
}

.hero-image {
  max-width: 37.5%;
  border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
  border-radius: 0.75rem;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
  margin: 2rem auto 0;
}


/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 5: BUTTONS

   display: inline-flex allows the button to remain
   inline (doesn't force a line break) while also
   letting us use flexbox properties to vertically
   center any icon or text inside it.

   Transitions animate property changes smoothly.
   "all 0.15s ease" means: animate any changed
   property over 0.15 seconds using an ease curve.
   ----------------------------------------------- */
.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 0.6rem 1.5rem;
  border-radius: 6px;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  cursor: pointer;
  border: 2px solid transparent;
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: background-color 0.15s ease, color 0.15s ease, border-color 0.15s ease;
}

.btn-dark {
  background-color: #212529;
  color: #ffffff;
  border-color: #212529;
}

.btn-dark:hover {
  background-color: #343a40;
  border-color: #343a40;
}

.btn-outline {
  background-color: transparent;
  color: #6c757d;
  border-color: #6c757d;
}

.btn-outline:hover {
  background-color: #6c757d;
  color: #ffffff;
}


/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 6: FLEXBOX WRAP — CARD GRID

   flex-wrap: wrap is the key to a simple responsive
   grid without complex media queries.

   How it works:
     - Cards have a fixed width (e.g. 300px)
     - The flex container is as wide as the page
     - Flex places as many cards per row as fit
     - Cards that don't fit wrap to the next row
     - justify-content: center keeps partial rows centered

   This is simpler than CSS Grid for equal-size cards
   and requires zero media queries to be responsive.
   ----------------------------------------------- */
.card-grid {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;          /* wrap to new rows when needed */
  gap: 2rem;
  justify-content: center;  /* center cards within each row */
  padding: 2.5rem 1.5rem;
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;           /* center the grid on the page */
}

/* For pages that show biography-style cards in a
   single centered column (like About), we use a
   column flex layout instead of a wrapping grid. */
.card-column {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 2rem;
  padding: 2.5rem 1.5rem;
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.card-column .card {
  width: 100%;              /* fill the column's width */
}

.card-column .card-img {
  max-height: 280px;
  object-fit: contain;      /* show full image, no cropping */
  background: #f4f4f4;      /* fill letterbox areas if aspect ratio differs */
}

#spacex-img {
  max-height: 420px;        /* larger than the default 280px for the other cards */
}

/* ─── Contact Form ───────────────────────────────────────────
   A flex column stacks labels above inputs.
   gap replaces margin between each field group.
   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */
.contact-section {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 1rem auto 4rem;
  padding: 2rem;
}

.contact-section h2 {
  margin-bottom: 1.2rem;
}

.contact-form {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.form-group {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.3rem;
}

.form-group label {
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.form-group input,
.form-group textarea {
  padding: 0.6rem 0.8rem;
  border: 1px solid #ccc;
  border-radius: 4px;
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-family: inherit;
  width: 100%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.form-group textarea {
  resize: vertical;
  min-height: 130px;
}

.contact-form .btn {
  align-self: flex-start;
}


/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 7: THE CARD COMPONENT

   A card is itself a flex CONTAINER with
   flex-direction: column, so the image stacks on
   top of the body text.

   flex-grow: 1 on .card-body makes the body expand
   to fill whatever vertical space is left after the
   image. This ensures equal-height cards in a row
   have their text start at the same position.

   overflow: hidden clips the image corners to match
   the card's border-radius. Without it, the image
   would poke out past the rounded corners.

   object-fit: cover on the image fills its box
   completely — cropping the image rather than
   distorting it. Like "background-size: cover"
   but for <img> elements.
   ----------------------------------------------- */
.card {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  width: 300px;
  border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
  border-radius: 8px;
  overflow: hidden;          /* clip image to border-radius */
  box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);
  transition: box-shadow 0.2s ease, transform 0.2s ease;
  background-color: #ffffff;
}

.card:hover {
  box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.13);
  transform: translateY(-2px); /* subtle lift on hover */
}

.card-img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;              /* natural height — no cropping */
  display: block;
}

/* flex-grow: 1 makes the body fill remaining height */
.card-body {
  flex-grow: 1;
  padding: 1rem;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0.4rem;
}

.card-title {
  font-size: 1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: #212529;
}

.card-text {
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  color: #495057;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

/* YouTube icon images inside card text */
.card-text img {
  display: inline;
  vertical-align: middle;
}


/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 8: THE JUMBOTRON (PAGE HEADER BLOCK)

   This is a simple centered header block.
   No flexbox needed — we just use:
     text-align: center     to center the text
     max-width + margin: 0 auto  to limit line length
     padding                to add breathing room

   The combination of max-width and margin: 0 auto
   is the foundational CSS pattern for centered
   readable content columns.
   ----------------------------------------------- */
.jumbotron {
  padding: 3rem 1.5rem 2rem;
  text-align: center;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #dee2e6;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.jumbotron h1 {
  font-size: 2.2rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
  color: #212529;
}

.jumbotron .lead {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  color: #495057;
  max-width: 640px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}


/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 9: MEDIA QUERIES — RESPONSIVE DESIGN

   A @media rule applies styles only when a condition
   is true. The most common use is max-width, which
   targets screens NARROWER than a breakpoint:

     @media screen and (max-width: 768px) { ... }

   Think of it this way:
     - Everything above this rule is your default layout
       (designed for desktop, wider screens)
     - The media query OVERRIDES specific rules for
       smaller screens

   The 768px breakpoint is a common choice — it covers
   most phones and small tablets in portrait mode.

   "Mobile-first" is an alternative approach where you
   write mobile styles by default and use min-width
   to override for larger screens. Both approaches work.
   ----------------------------------------------- */
/* -----------------------------------------------
   LESSON 10: DATE NIGHT QUESTION FLOW

   Only one .question-step is shown at a time —
   JS toggles the .active class to swap questions.
   Each step's buttons live in a nested .hero-buttons
   div so the flex-row button layout never conflicts
   with the block display used to show/hide the step.
   ----------------------------------------------- */
.question-step {
  display: none;
}

.question-step.active {
  display: block;
}

.final-images {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 1rem;
  margin: 1.5rem 0;
}

.date-photo {
  width: 275px;
  height: 275px;
  object-fit: cover;
  border: 1px solid #dee2e6;
  border-radius: 0.75rem;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12);
}


@media screen and (max-width: 768px) {

  /* Show the hamburger button on mobile */
  .nav-toggle {
    display: block;
  }

  /* Nav links are hidden by default on mobile.
     When the hamburger is clicked, JS adds .nav-open
     to the navbar, which makes this flex. */
  .nav-links {
    display: none;
    flex-direction: column;   /* stack items vertically */
    align-items: flex-start;
    width: 100%;              /* take full row → forces wrap to new line */
    gap: 0;
    padding: 0.5rem 0 0.75rem;
    border-top: 1px solid #dee2e6;
  }

  .navbar.nav-open .nav-links {
    display: flex;            /* show when toggled */
  }

  .nav-links > li {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .nav-links > li > a {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  }

  /* On mobile, dropdowns use static positioning
     so they push content down rather than floating */
  .has-dropdown {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .dropdown-menu {
    position: static;         /* back in normal flow on mobile */
    box-shadow: none;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 0;
    padding-left: 1rem;
    min-width: unset;
    width: 100%;
  }

  /* Cards go nearly full-width on small screens.
     vw = viewport width unit (100vw = full screen width) */
  .card {
    width: min(90vw, 400px); /* 90% of screen, but never wider than 400px */
  }

  .card-column .card {
    width: 100%;
  }

  .hero-title {
    font-size: 1.9rem;
  }

  .hero-image {
    max-width: 85%;
  }

  .date-photo {
    width: 160px;
    height: 160px;
  }

  .jumbotron h1 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
  }
}